Executable title

An executable title is the expedition, grosse or enforceable issue of a title. This means that there is an official document that describes certain obligations and that this official document can and can be executed by a bailiff because it is an expedition.

The law considers, among others, the following documents as enforceable titles:

• Judgments and government decisions, such as a tax or social injunction or a collection notice
• Notarial acts

These titles may give rise to protective or executive measures, such as sequestration.

To use an executable title effectively, three conditions must be with:

• The title must be enforceable: It must contain a clear, fixed and due claim, and an enforceable formula.
• The title must be served: The debtor must be officially notified, often via a bailiff and with an order for payment.
• The court decision must be final or provisionally enforceable: Some decisions are enforceable in stock (even if there is still an opposition or appeal), others are final (no longer possible to appeal).

A court decision remains valid for ten years. Within that period, the creditor can enforce the judgment (actio judicati). In certain cases, this period may be extended, for example by suspending or interrupting the limitation period.

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